Recently, I finally had the time to dive into the principles of computer organization and the basics of microcontroller systems. These two courses have given me a new perspective on how computers and embedded systems function. Let me share my thoughts on what I’ve learned so far.
First, it's fascinating to understand that there are two major branches in computing: general-purpose computers and microcontrollers. They represent different development paths. A general-purpose computer consists of five main components: the control unit, the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), memory, input devices, and output devices. In contrast, a microcontroller integrates the CPU, memory, and I/O interfaces onto a single chip, essentially forming a complete computer system. This makes microcontrollers ideal for embedded applications due to their compact size and low cost. However, they aren't as powerful as full-fledged computers.
Next, the course on computer organization focuses on the fundamental principles rather than specific models. Unlike the microcontroller principle course, which often uses the 8086 as an example, the computer organization class avoids getting too bogged down in one particular architecture. This approach helps students grasp the core concepts without being limited by a specific processor design.
When it comes to microcontroller principles, many textbooks use the MCS-51 series as a teaching example. The 51-series is simple, easy to learn, and widely used, making it a good starting point. On the other hand, ARM-based microcontrollers are more advanced, typically 32-bit systems, and are commonly found in modern embedded devices. Understanding both 8-bit and 32-bit architectures gives a broader view of what microcontrollers can do.
Computer organization, assembly language, microcontroller principles, and computer architecture are all essential courses in computer science. Taking them together provides a deeper understanding of how computers work at a fundamental level. While each course covers specific topics, combining them allows for a more comprehensive grasp of the entire system.
One thing I've noticed is that some of the current courses feel too generic. They don’t go deep enough, which makes learning a bit frustrating. I hope to explore more specialized areas like industrial control, PLCs, and ARM in the future. I'm looking forward to a productive and successful graduate experience, where I can apply what I’ve learned in real-world projects.
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