As December approaches, the weather becomes colder. While spring brings vibrant colors, summer offers a blue sky, and autumn boasts golden hues, winter presents a more subdued and unique beauty. The challenge is how to "stay stylish" in the cold and what are the secrets for drones to perform well in low temperatures?
Drones are powered by lithium batteries, which are sensitive to temperature changes. When exposed to environments below 15°C, the chemical activity of the battery decreases significantly, increasing internal resistance and reducing discharge capacity. This leads to a faster voltage drop during use. If the voltage drops too low (below 3V per cell), two major risks occur: first, the drone's power system may not provide enough thrust to maintain flight; second, the battery could be automatically shut down to prevent over-discharge. This issue is common with lithium batteries and remains unsolved. Even smartphones and tablets experience similar problems in cold weather.
Heavier drones require more current to stay airborne, especially when performing complex maneuvers or climbing at full throttle. In high-altitude areas, where air pressure is lower, the motor must work harder to maintain power, increasing the current drawn from the battery. These conditions, combined with winter's cold, further accelerate voltage drops. Flying with a low battery can lead to an initial voltage that’s already low, making it even riskier. That's why it's always recommended to fly with a fully charged battery.
To handle these challenges, consider the following steps:
1. Fully charge your battery before flying to ensure it starts at a high voltage.
2. Preheat the battery to above 20°C to reduce internal resistance. Using a battery preheater is highly recommended.
3. After takeoff, let the drone hover for about a minute to allow the battery to warm up and reduce internal resistance.
In addition to these steps, there are several other precautions to take during winter flights:
- Ensure all devices—remote controller, drone, and monitoring equipment—are fully charged before flying.
- Monitor the battery temperature. If it's below -10°C, do not use the battery. If between -10°C and 5°C, keep the drone in a low-altitude hover to warm it up. Once the temperature reaches 5°C or higher, normal flight is possible. If it's extremely cold (below -20°C), warming the battery using a preheater is essential. The optimal operating temperature for the battery is 20–25°C.
- Use battery insulation stickers or other protective measures.
- Avoid long flights and set the low battery alarm to 50% because voltage drops quickly in cold weather. Return to base as soon as the alarm sounds.
- Limit flight time and avoid flying in snowy conditions, as this can damage the drone.
- After flying, dry the drone thoroughly to prevent freezing. Use a clean cloth to wipe away any moisture and monitor for signs of water intrusion.
- If the battery voltage drops too low and the drone is forced to land, keep the throttle stick in the neutral position. The drone will still be controllable during descent, and you can gently raise it or guide it to a safe landing.
By taking these precautions, you can ensure safer and more efficient drone operations in cold weather.
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