MySQL is a relational database management system originally developed by MySQL AB in Sweden and now owned by Oracle Corporation. It is designed to store data in separate tables rather than in a single large repository, which enhances speed and flexibility. MySQL uses SQL, the most widely used standardized language for interacting with databases. The software follows a dual-licensing model, offering both a community version and a commercial version. Due to its compact size, fast performance, low total cost of ownership, and open-source nature, it is commonly chosen for small and medium-sized website development projects. The strong performance of its community edition also makes it a popular choice when paired with PHP and Apache to create a robust development environment.
In this tutorial, I will walk you through the process of installing MySQL on a Windows 64-bit system. Since the MSI installer available is only 32-bit, I opted for the ZIP archive version instead.
Step 1: First, go to [http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/](http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/) and download the Windows (x86, 64-bit) ZIP Archive.
Step 2: Once the download is complete, extract the files to your desired installation directory. For example, I extracted it to `D:\MySql\mysql-5.7.12-winx64\`. After extraction, you should see several folders, including `bin`, `data`, `include`, and others.
Step 3: To proceed with configuration, it's recommended to enable file extensions display in Windows. This allows you to easily add or modify configuration files. In Windows 7, you can do this by opening File Explorer, clicking on "Organize" > "Folder and Search Options" > "View" tab, and unchecking "Hide extensions for known file types."
Step 4: Create a new `my.ini` file in the root directory of the extracted folder. This file will override the default `my-default.ini`. Open `my.ini` and add the following configuration:
```
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
port=3306
basedir=D:\MySql\mysql-5.7.12-winx64
datadir=D:\MySql\mysql-5.7.12-winx64\data
max_connections=200
character-set-server=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
```
Save the file, then create an empty `data` folder at the specified location.
Step 5: Next, open Command Prompt as an administrator. Navigate to the `bin` directory of the MySQL installation. Run the following command to initialize the MySQL service:
```
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql
```
This creates the necessary system tables.
Step 6: Install the MySQL service by running:
```
mysqld install
```
You should receive a confirmation that the service was installed successfully.
Step 7: Start the MySQL service using the Services panel or by running:
```
net start mysql
```
Step 8: To make MySQL accessible from anywhere, set the system environment variable `PATH` to include the `bin` directory of your MySQL installation. Add the path to the beginning of the `PATH` variable, followed by a semicolon.
Step 9: Finally, open Command Prompt again and run:
```
mysql -uroot -p
```
Since there is no password set by default, just press Enter to log in. If a password was previously set, you’ll need to enter it.
At this point, MySQL is fully installed and ready to use. This guide covers the essential steps for setting up a local MySQL server. If you have any questions or encounter issues during the process, feel free to ask. I hope this tutorial helps you get started with MySQL smoothly. Any feedback or suggestions are welcome—let’s learn and grow together!
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