In recent years, in almost every severe winter, North China, Central China, and East China have been plagued by power shortages. People can not forget that less than three years after the wheel of history entered the new century, China suffered a “power shortageâ€: Changsha, candles are out of stock; Hangzhou, the use of temporary traffic lights; the national pull from South China, East China and North China Gate power cuts ... This seasonal power shortage is different from the past, not the lack of installed capacity, but the tension of electricity.
UHV: Cracking the "Storm of Coal Burning"
In recent years, China’s newly-increased generator sets have approached 100 million kilowatts each year, of which thermal power accounts for more than 70%. However, on the other hand, China is again a country with extremely uneven primary energy and electricity load distribution. More than 80% of coal resources are distributed in the west and north. More than 80% of hydropower resources are distributed in the west, and 75% of energy demand is concentrated. In the east and central regions. The main energy base is about 800 km to 3,000 km away from the load center, and Tibet can develop more than 3,000 km of hydropower distance load centers. Therefore, for a long time, we had to transport coal from the west to the east to generate electricity over long distances. Among them, over 70% of coal supply in Shandong Province depends on coal outside the province, and 85% of coal in Hubei, Hunan, and Jiangxi are dependent on outside the region. Call in.
The large-scale and long-distance transport of coal has greatly increased the transportation pressure. As the main force for coal transportation, coal transportation accounts for approximately 50% of China's railway transportation volume, mainly coal-fired electricity. Taking the “three west†(Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Mengxi) regions as an example, the proportion of coal transmission and transmission in 2006 was as high as 20 1:1. However, the railway transportation capacity is highly saturated all year round, and the owner of the vehicle requests a vehicle satisfaction rate of less than 40%. Moreover, as China's railway is mixed with passengers and cargo, it is nearing peak passenger flow during Spring Festival and summer vacation. At this time, it is also the peak demand season for coal transportation. Therefore, it is often the case that the more the coal is in shortage, the harder it is to ensure the transportation capacity.
Not only that, long-distance coal transportation is also very vulnerable to the weather. In the summer of 2008, due to shortage of power coal, the maximum load limit in Shandong Province exceeded 10 million kilowatts. In the winter of 2010, due to the influence of snow and snow weather, the stock of electricity coal in Shandong was once not more than 8 days, and Shandong Power Grid was forced to implement full-time limit electricity from January 6.
Although there is no substantial “electricity shortage†in the country, it is an indisputable fact that the local “electricity shortage†triggered by the fragile electric coal supply chain at any time. How to solve this "a sneeze in Heaven, many provinces will follow a cold" problem? UHV provides us with a new choice.
UHV: A New Way of Energy Transportation
On January 6th this year, China’s first UHV project during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period - the second-phase transmission line from Shanxi to Hubei was formally launched, marking the beginning of a new round of large-scale UHV transmission network construction in China. Opened the curtain. As an important part of the comprehensive energy transportation system, transmission can assume the role of optimizing the allocation of energy resources and alleviating pressure from other means of transportation. Xue Yusheng, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, once said with emotion: "The UHV technology is a major change in the world's energy transmission methods. Like China's space technology and high-speed rail technology, it is a major event for the world industry during the 11th Five-Year Plan period. contribution."
After the Jindongnan-Nanyang-Jingmen UHV AC pilot demonstration project (hereinafter referred to as Jinjing Line) is put into operation, it will deliver 2 million kilowatts of electricity from Shanxi to Hubei every day, with an average daily transmission of 50 million kilowatt-hours, equivalent to a daily delivery of 25,000 tons of raw coal. Ton. “This is equivalent to sending a Gezhouba power station to Hubei.†The person in charge of Hubei Electric Power Company sighed.
For provinces with a larger proportion of hydropower, the “optimized energy allocation†of UHV grids is even more significant. In the dry season in 2009, the Jinjing Line was the first to undertake the task of “Northern Power Transmission to the Southâ€. From January to May, Jinjing Line completed transmission of 3.266 billion kWh from Shanxi to Central China, equivalent to transporting nearly 20,000 wagons of raw coal to Central China, and achieved a conversion of raw coal of 1.16 million tons on-site. The 3.266 billion kilowatt-hours of "Northern Power Transmission to the South" electricity consumed Sichuan's 1.045 billion kwh in proportion to 32%, which greatly relieved the power supply pressure in Sichuan's dry season.
In the flood season, the Jinjing line played the role of “Southern Power Transmission from the North†for the first time, sending clean hydropower in Sichuan to North China. From May to October 2010 alone, the hydropower sent by Sichuan to the North China Power Grid reached 3.76 billion kwh, equivalent to saving 1.335 million tons of standard coal.
Jia Qinglin, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), praised the UHV power grid as "coal from the air and sent it to China." After the “three vertical and three horizontal†UHV backbone grid and the HVDC transmission project are completed, the “Three West†(Shanxi, Shaanxi, Mengxi) coal power bases, Inner Mongolia and Hebei wind power bases, and southwest hydropower bases can be sent to Beijing. Tianjin, Shandong, East China, Central China load center, thus forming a large-scale "West Power Transmission", "Northern Power South" energy configuration. Through the construction of UHV power grids, an integrated energy transportation system for “transmitting coal and transmitting electricity at the same time†has been established, making transmission the “sixth mode of transport†after roads, railways, waterways, aviation and pipeline transportation, and coal transport in the “Three West†area. The transmission ratio is expected to reach 4:1.
UHV: Strong Motive Force for the Harmonious Development of Regional Economy
The emergence of the UHV shows the power to promote China’s regional economic growth and promote the formation of a new pattern of coordinated development.
In the coal-producing province of Shanxi, the "economic account" between coal transportation and transmission is increasingly understood by Shanxi. Compared to coal transportation, selling electricity has a greater impact on the local economy. According to calculations, the output ratio of one ton of coal sent to and used for power generation in Shanxi Province is about 1:4. After the UHV power grid is put into operation, the electric power delivered by Shanxi can reach 3 million kilowatts, which is equivalent to about 7 million tons of standard coal being digested in one year.
The construction of UHV is conducive to transforming China’s coal-producing regions’ resource advantages into economic advantages and narrowing regional disparities. While UHV construction has transformed China's energy transportation methods, it has also achieved adjustments in the layout of the power industry and provided opportunities for the economic development of coal-producing areas. For the main coal producing areas, by increasing the power station construction and accelerating the development of transmission, the export of high-value-added power products from coal bases can be promoted, the return rate of resources and production factors in these areas can be increased, employment opportunities can be increased, and the income of residents can be improved. Promote the development of the local economy and narrow the gap between regions. The calculation shows that the two energy transmission methods of coal transmission and power transmission contribute about 1:6 to GDP, and the employment-pull effect ratio is about 1:2.
For the "recipient" of the UHV power grid, some people have also conducted a detailed calculation of coal transmission and transmission. Taking 9.6 million kilowatts of electricity from Zhejiang Province in Shanxi Province in 2020 as an example, for Zhejiang Province, the coal transportation is changed to electricity, and the electricity price for landing in Zhejiang is lower by approximately 0.03 yuan/kWh to 0.1 yuan/yuan compared with the grid electricity price in the recipient region. In kWh, the electricity supply cost in Zhejiang can drop by 2.6%. From an economic point of view, transmission is undoubtedly a win-win choice.
A group of energy experts headed by Wei Yiming, in the “China Energy Report Strategy and Policy Research (2006)†co-authored, pointed out that the consumption of 1 tonne of standard coal equivalent power and the consumption of 17.3 tce of coal equivalent or consumption of 3.2 tons Coal equivalent oil has the same economic value created, which shows that electricity has the highest economic efficiency.
Xu Jin, standing member of the municipal party committee and executive vice mayor of Yibin City, Sichuan Province, regards the commissioning of the ±800 kV UHV DC transmission demonstration project in Xiangjiaba as a pride of the 5.3 million people in Yibin City. Yibin's energy resources and mineral resources are richly developed and supported. It has an enormous potential and is an ideal industrial gathering place in the west. However, due to the limited energy transmission channels, its energy development is constrained. Only when electricity transmission is achieved can local energy resources be fully and rationally developed. The Yibin project landed in Yibin, enabling Yibin to have the "skyway of the air" where UHV power was sent out. It has the advantage and good momentum of three-dimensional development of "water, land and air" and opened up a new energy era for Yibin.
UHV: Cracking the "Storm of Coal Burning"
In recent years, China’s newly-increased generator sets have approached 100 million kilowatts each year, of which thermal power accounts for more than 70%. However, on the other hand, China is again a country with extremely uneven primary energy and electricity load distribution. More than 80% of coal resources are distributed in the west and north. More than 80% of hydropower resources are distributed in the west, and 75% of energy demand is concentrated. In the east and central regions. The main energy base is about 800 km to 3,000 km away from the load center, and Tibet can develop more than 3,000 km of hydropower distance load centers. Therefore, for a long time, we had to transport coal from the west to the east to generate electricity over long distances. Among them, over 70% of coal supply in Shandong Province depends on coal outside the province, and 85% of coal in Hubei, Hunan, and Jiangxi are dependent on outside the region. Call in.
The large-scale and long-distance transport of coal has greatly increased the transportation pressure. As the main force for coal transportation, coal transportation accounts for approximately 50% of China's railway transportation volume, mainly coal-fired electricity. Taking the “three west†(Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Mengxi) regions as an example, the proportion of coal transmission and transmission in 2006 was as high as 20 1:1. However, the railway transportation capacity is highly saturated all year round, and the owner of the vehicle requests a vehicle satisfaction rate of less than 40%. Moreover, as China's railway is mixed with passengers and cargo, it is nearing peak passenger flow during Spring Festival and summer vacation. At this time, it is also the peak demand season for coal transportation. Therefore, it is often the case that the more the coal is in shortage, the harder it is to ensure the transportation capacity.
Not only that, long-distance coal transportation is also very vulnerable to the weather. In the summer of 2008, due to shortage of power coal, the maximum load limit in Shandong Province exceeded 10 million kilowatts. In the winter of 2010, due to the influence of snow and snow weather, the stock of electricity coal in Shandong was once not more than 8 days, and Shandong Power Grid was forced to implement full-time limit electricity from January 6.
Although there is no substantial “electricity shortage†in the country, it is an indisputable fact that the local “electricity shortage†triggered by the fragile electric coal supply chain at any time. How to solve this "a sneeze in Heaven, many provinces will follow a cold" problem? UHV provides us with a new choice.
UHV: A New Way of Energy Transportation
On January 6th this year, China’s first UHV project during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period - the second-phase transmission line from Shanxi to Hubei was formally launched, marking the beginning of a new round of large-scale UHV transmission network construction in China. Opened the curtain. As an important part of the comprehensive energy transportation system, transmission can assume the role of optimizing the allocation of energy resources and alleviating pressure from other means of transportation. Xue Yusheng, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, once said with emotion: "The UHV technology is a major change in the world's energy transmission methods. Like China's space technology and high-speed rail technology, it is a major event for the world industry during the 11th Five-Year Plan period. contribution."
After the Jindongnan-Nanyang-Jingmen UHV AC pilot demonstration project (hereinafter referred to as Jinjing Line) is put into operation, it will deliver 2 million kilowatts of electricity from Shanxi to Hubei every day, with an average daily transmission of 50 million kilowatt-hours, equivalent to a daily delivery of 25,000 tons of raw coal. Ton. “This is equivalent to sending a Gezhouba power station to Hubei.†The person in charge of Hubei Electric Power Company sighed.
For provinces with a larger proportion of hydropower, the “optimized energy allocation†of UHV grids is even more significant. In the dry season in 2009, the Jinjing Line was the first to undertake the task of “Northern Power Transmission to the Southâ€. From January to May, Jinjing Line completed transmission of 3.266 billion kWh from Shanxi to Central China, equivalent to transporting nearly 20,000 wagons of raw coal to Central China, and achieved a conversion of raw coal of 1.16 million tons on-site. The 3.266 billion kilowatt-hours of "Northern Power Transmission to the South" electricity consumed Sichuan's 1.045 billion kwh in proportion to 32%, which greatly relieved the power supply pressure in Sichuan's dry season.
In the flood season, the Jinjing line played the role of “Southern Power Transmission from the North†for the first time, sending clean hydropower in Sichuan to North China. From May to October 2010 alone, the hydropower sent by Sichuan to the North China Power Grid reached 3.76 billion kwh, equivalent to saving 1.335 million tons of standard coal.
Jia Qinglin, member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), praised the UHV power grid as "coal from the air and sent it to China." After the “three vertical and three horizontal†UHV backbone grid and the HVDC transmission project are completed, the “Three West†(Shanxi, Shaanxi, Mengxi) coal power bases, Inner Mongolia and Hebei wind power bases, and southwest hydropower bases can be sent to Beijing. Tianjin, Shandong, East China, Central China load center, thus forming a large-scale "West Power Transmission", "Northern Power South" energy configuration. Through the construction of UHV power grids, an integrated energy transportation system for “transmitting coal and transmitting electricity at the same time†has been established, making transmission the “sixth mode of transport†after roads, railways, waterways, aviation and pipeline transportation, and coal transport in the “Three West†area. The transmission ratio is expected to reach 4:1.
UHV: Strong Motive Force for the Harmonious Development of Regional Economy
The emergence of the UHV shows the power to promote China’s regional economic growth and promote the formation of a new pattern of coordinated development.
In the coal-producing province of Shanxi, the "economic account" between coal transportation and transmission is increasingly understood by Shanxi. Compared to coal transportation, selling electricity has a greater impact on the local economy. According to calculations, the output ratio of one ton of coal sent to and used for power generation in Shanxi Province is about 1:4. After the UHV power grid is put into operation, the electric power delivered by Shanxi can reach 3 million kilowatts, which is equivalent to about 7 million tons of standard coal being digested in one year.
The construction of UHV is conducive to transforming China’s coal-producing regions’ resource advantages into economic advantages and narrowing regional disparities. While UHV construction has transformed China's energy transportation methods, it has also achieved adjustments in the layout of the power industry and provided opportunities for the economic development of coal-producing areas. For the main coal producing areas, by increasing the power station construction and accelerating the development of transmission, the export of high-value-added power products from coal bases can be promoted, the return rate of resources and production factors in these areas can be increased, employment opportunities can be increased, and the income of residents can be improved. Promote the development of the local economy and narrow the gap between regions. The calculation shows that the two energy transmission methods of coal transmission and power transmission contribute about 1:6 to GDP, and the employment-pull effect ratio is about 1:2.
For the "recipient" of the UHV power grid, some people have also conducted a detailed calculation of coal transmission and transmission. Taking 9.6 million kilowatts of electricity from Zhejiang Province in Shanxi Province in 2020 as an example, for Zhejiang Province, the coal transportation is changed to electricity, and the electricity price for landing in Zhejiang is lower by approximately 0.03 yuan/kWh to 0.1 yuan/yuan compared with the grid electricity price in the recipient region. In kWh, the electricity supply cost in Zhejiang can drop by 2.6%. From an economic point of view, transmission is undoubtedly a win-win choice.
A group of energy experts headed by Wei Yiming, in the “China Energy Report Strategy and Policy Research (2006)†co-authored, pointed out that the consumption of 1 tonne of standard coal equivalent power and the consumption of 17.3 tce of coal equivalent or consumption of 3.2 tons Coal equivalent oil has the same economic value created, which shows that electricity has the highest economic efficiency.
Xu Jin, standing member of the municipal party committee and executive vice mayor of Yibin City, Sichuan Province, regards the commissioning of the ±800 kV UHV DC transmission demonstration project in Xiangjiaba as a pride of the 5.3 million people in Yibin City. Yibin's energy resources and mineral resources are richly developed and supported. It has an enormous potential and is an ideal industrial gathering place in the west. However, due to the limited energy transmission channels, its energy development is constrained. Only when electricity transmission is achieved can local energy resources be fully and rationally developed. The Yibin project landed in Yibin, enabling Yibin to have the "skyway of the air" where UHV power was sent out. It has the advantage and good momentum of three-dimensional development of "water, land and air" and opened up a new energy era for Yibin.
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