**China Lighting Network** recently released a new technical report titled *"Lighting for Older People and People with Visual Impairment in Buildings"* (CIE-227). This document explores how environmental lighting affects visual functions such as visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual field, and color vision. It also provides specific lighting design recommendations for indoor environments like offices, public spaces, and facilities catering to the elderly and people with low vision.
As people age, especially after 45 years, their eyes undergo natural changes. Light scattering increases, reducing spatial contrast sensitivity and retinal illuminance, while dark adaptation and color vision weaken. These factors contribute to declining vision over time. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 285 million people worldwide had some form of visual impairment in 2017. With the global population aging—highlighted in Figure 1—the need for appropriate lighting solutions for the elderly and visually impaired is becoming increasingly urgent.
Previous reports, such as CIE 123-1997, focused on the impact of lighting on visual performance and provided early guidance for low vision individuals. ANSI/IES RP-28-07 addressed specific lighting needs in areas like elevators, corridors, and bathrooms, while CIE 196:2011 introduced models for contrast sensitivity across different age groups. These efforts have laid the foundation for more targeted lighting strategies.
Building on this research and current societal trends, the latest CIE-227 report introduces several key improvements:
1. **Lowering the age threshold** from 65 to 50, emphasizing the need for better lighting design in public spaces for older adults.
2. **Comprehensive analysis** of factors such as illumination levels, brightness contrast, disability glare, and discomfort glare, offering tailored lighting solutions for the elderly and visually impaired.
3. **Detailed examples** of lighting and color design in various settings, helping professionals apply these principles effectively.
According to the report, as people age, their ability to detect brightness contrast decreases. At the same time, increased intraocular light scattering causes light sources to appear larger on the retina, leading to greater discomfort glare. The UGR model confirms that larger light sources tend to cause more glare. As shown in Figure 2, the same light source appears much brighter to the elderly compared to younger individuals.
In addition to visual effects, lighting also influences non-visual functions, particularly the circadian rhythm. Factors such as light intensity, spectrum, distribution, frequency, and duration all affect mood, alertness, and sleep quality. Therefore, when designing lighting for the elderly and visually impaired, it's essential to consider both visual and non-visual impacts to ensure overall well-being.
**Editor: Yan Zhixiang**
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