Last year's best-selling novel "Da Vinci Code" opened this way: Interpol's detective driving invited the signologist Langdon to investigate the murder of the Louvre. The car passed the "pyramid" in front of the Louvre. The detective asked: "Do you like our pyramid?"
Langdon frowned. "Mitlan is a very bold person."
This person who makes Mitterrand "daring" is the designer of the "pyramid" - American-American architect Pei Ming.
Pei Ming grew up in China and worked in the United States, leaving more than 50 unique architectural works throughout the world. However, before they become urban landmarks, he will always be squandered by the "guns and rains" - criticism and criticism.
But he always squinted with joy: "Architecture is not painting, you can not watch it, it always stands there, others can't look good, and there is criticism. So the architect's face should be thicker..."
Hong Kong people's "feng shui", I do not believe
The Bank of China Hong Kong Branch, which was capped in 1988, was the first work of Pei's retired, and there was his nostalgic complex. In 1918, it was his father, Bezu, who founded the BOC Hong Kong branch. Pei's meticulous design, the pointed-shaped building saved a lot of steel and welding points compared with the traditional building, saving a lot of money; but at the beginning of the construction, the good "feng shui" Hong Kong people compared the building to a cold light Three-edged knife. The surrounding residents began to install mirrors, and the building next door was equipped with a cement "machine gun." At that time, the governor’s house even planted willows in an absurd manner, so as to block the “front†facing them...
The location of the building is to go back to the sea and face the south. This is correct. But I am against the feng shui of superstition. What kind of chair is moving and wrong, the door wants to make a bend and is wrong, then how to build? Do you want Mr. Feng Shui to be an architect?
Bank of China is "tip" because the higher the building, the more important the structure is, and Einstein's theory of relativity can explain. Criticizing it like a big knife, I can't accept it.
As for the Governor's Office, I said to them: "Who told you to raise the land price in Hong Kong so high? I only have such a small piece of land. Of course, I only make it to the heights."
Hong Kong people are too superstitious, sometimes they have to be smarter. I originally designed a spring in this building, and the back door went into the front door, but people said it was a fortune. I set up two inclined fountains on both sides of the foundation to reduce the noise of the surrounding vehicles.
When designing the drawings, the bank also gave me a power report, saying that there was too much framed "X" on the front of the building, which was unlucky. In the past, only the prisoner had a sign on his neck with the name of the fork.
I told them that 'X' is the most important part of the design, they have to prop up the entire building. Later, I improved a little, hiding the horizontal shelves of those frames, and the exposed "X" as a gemstone that crosses each other. I compare the tower to springing up again - symbolizing hope.
The bankers were very happy to hear.
The Parisian, who took me a year and a half to rebuild the Louvre, is one of the most difficult projects in my life. In the early 1980s, the French government extensively sought reconstruction plans. Finally, President Mitterrand came forward and invited 15 museum curators from around the world to select. As a result, 13 people chose the project of Pei Ming - the core is built on the square. A "pyramid" entrance, from the underground into the palace.
However, the superior French people have not easily let go of this foreign "monk" - the pyramid? Do you understand our culture?
I said to Mitterrand, you have to give me time to understand French history. For 4 months, I went to the Louvre for a week each month to see how it was distributed. It felt completely wrong at the time - the door went in from the side and there was no direction. Look at some treasures and walk through the dark corridor like a marathon. Even the public toilets are only two!
Later, I proposed to put the glass "pyramid", because this shape is small, but the area is large, and the lighting is good - it can reflect the brown stone of the Louvre, indicating respect for history. I also designed a 400-seat audio-visual room, bookstore, restaurant, and a stylish underground shopping mall.
But the Parisians think that they are too "flowery" and told me not to move their millennium national treasure! The French newspaper called me the "Buffalo" of the pyramid. The Parisians began to wear a small round badge with the words "Why do you want to make a pyramid?" Then I came from the United States. The French looked down on the Americans. They asked Mitterrand why the French could not repair themselves? One by one, one and a half years. My translator was so scared that I could hardly translate my defense.
The pressure is great, but I am confident. Later I went to visit the then mayor of Paris, Chirac, and assured him that the Louvre would be integrated with Paris. He is not at ease, let me put a pyramid model on the ground and accept public inspection. I did it, and I put a steel cable model there with a crane. On the "May 1st" festival, tens of thousands of people came to see the referendum on the sidewalk. Chirac also came and looked at it and said, "Well, this project is not bad."
The "green light" is finally on!
Mrs. Kennedy, let me rejoice that I am worried that the building that Bellow Ming has fame is built at the Kennedy Library in Boston. In 1963, President Kennedy was assassinated and the construction of this library became a top priority for the Kennedy family. Mrs. Kennedy called all the top architects in the United States together, but finally chose the unknown Pei. After 15 years, the library was completed, and the American architectural community announced that the year was "Bei Mingming Year." But in the past 15 years, Pei Ming has experienced a great joy...
Mrs. Kennedy chose me, I think most of it is luck.
At that time, she personally went to the office of each candidate. That day, I put a bunch of flowers in the reception room beforehand. When she came in, she saw it. She was very happy to ask: "Do you often put such beautiful flowers?" I honestly said that it was bought for her. I told her again that it is too early to ask me how the library will be.
A few months later, my family and I were on vacation in Italy, and we didn’t have a phone in the house we lived in. One day, I suddenly received a telegram from the office, let me go to a cafe to listen to the phone at some time. I went. The phone rang, it was the presidential adviser. He said that the president’s wife felt that I had a tacit understanding with me. I was selected. Now!
Later, Mrs. Kennedy told me that she had been to too many beautiful big offices, and my office was very simple. She liked this simplicity very much - I didn't have a big concert hall or museum to show her. Only slum upgrading, low-income housing and other projects.
At the beginning of the cooperation, we had the same opinion about the site selection - a piece of land that President Kennedy liked during his lifetime at Harvard University. But then, the situation turned sharply. The Vietnam War in 1966 became more and more powerful, and many people began to express their opinions on Kennedy. Some people think that the library can't be placed in Harvard. When tourists come, they are very confused. To make matters worse, Mrs. Kennedy also remarried and left the family!
I am equal to losing a landlord. It is difficult to do without the support of the owner. Later, I have been re-discussing the site selection. One year is not as good as one year, and the money is spent almost. After 10 years, I am very tired. My luck was very bad. The design that took 12 years of hard work was finally rejected. The library was built on the coast of Boston's suburbs - so this library is a pity, the owners are gone...
Beijing Olympics, I did not design my hometown of Suzhou, was born in Guangzhou, grew up in Hong Kong and Shanghai, although I was studying in the United States and working in the United States, but I have always valued my Chinese background - his design of modernist architecture There is oriental charm. When recording this program, he also greeted him specially: my Cantonese and Shanghai dialects are fine, and Mandarin is too much to say. If you answer sometimes in English, the audience will forgive me. I have been away from China for 70 years...
My Chinese background is very strong. When I left, I was 17 years old. I am already an adult. I am in middle school in China, and I have seen Chinese ancient books.
For example, in Kyoto, Japan, I designed a beauty show museum, the owner of the hill, Mei Xiuzi is an old lady. She chose a piece of land on the mountain, but she did not have access – according to local environmental regulations, she could not cut trees. But she must build on the mountain. I looked at it and found that there is a mountain opposite, and there is a valley connected here.
One inquired, there is always a way to stop after the mountain! The mountain is very narrow, so take a hole and come over here. When I was a child, I read "Peach Blossom Spring", which has "Small mouth"! I told her about Tao Yuanming's article that the 89-year-old woman clapped her hands – this age of Japanese is also greatly influenced by Chinese culture.
I have completed 3 works in China: In addition to Hong Kong Bank of China, there are Beijing Xiangshan Hotel and Bank of China Tower. But I am already 87 years old. It is getting harder and harder to come to China to do projects. It takes 20 hours for the United States to fly. The road is too long. I am designing a new museum for Suzhou, and I always make contributions to my hometown. Fortunately, this project does not need to go back every year.
This is my last work. I didn't pick up a new project 3 years ago. Architecture is not the same as other jobs. From design to completion, it will take 5 years and 7 years. I must see the bottom! But after 5 years and 7 years, I can't do it anymore. Therefore, I will not participate in the design of the venue for the Beijing Olympics. In 2008, if I were still there, they were all 91 years old. In English, you always know that you have a limit. This is very important.
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